Hohmann Transfer Orbit Calculator
Hohmann Transfer Orbit
Calculate the delta-v requirements and transfer time for a Hohmann transfer orbit between two circular orbits around the same central body.
Formula
Delta-V1 = sqrt(mu(2/r1 - 1/a)) - sqrt(mu/r1); Delta-V2 = sqrt(mu/r2) - sqrt(mu(2/r2 - 1/a)); Transfer Time = pi x sqrt(a^3 / mu), where a = (r1 + r2) / 2
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a Hohmann transfer orbit?
A Hohmann transfer is the most fuel-efficient two-burn orbital maneuver to move between two circular orbits. It uses an elliptical transfer orbit that is tangent to both the initial and final circular orbits.
When is a Hohmann transfer not optimal?
For very large orbit changes where the ratio of outer to inner radius exceeds about 11.94, a bi-elliptic transfer can be more efficient. For time-critical missions, higher-energy transfers are used despite greater fuel cost.
How long does a Hohmann transfer to geostationary orbit take?
A Hohmann transfer from low Earth orbit at 400 km altitude to geostationary orbit at 35,786 km takes about 5.25 hours for the half-orbit coast phase.
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